Solved it through intense guesswork. I modified the MEMORY section to the following:
MEMORY
{
ITCM (rwx): ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 224K
DTCM (rwx): ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 224K
OCRAM (rwx): ORIGIN = 0x20280000, LENGTH = 288K
RAM (rwx): ORIGIN = 0x20200000, LENGTH =...