I did not look at the schematics correctly the first time so the 10k resistors are pull-up resistors are unnecessarily high. However, regardless of what the actual resistance of these is, you should by all means see some form a square waveform at least on SCL when you run code that accesses the I2C bus. If that is not the case the problem has nothing to do with the pull-up resistors. At 100kHz and with your short signal lines that is relatively unlikely anyway.
100kHz is very slow.
My LED drivers are FM+ spec components and can be operated at 1MHz even over long 5m lines with the help of a buffer chip. At these line length and frequencies line capacitances are of interest and signal degrading is clearly visible.
But, again, you need to see some form of square wave signal! If the I2C scanner is verified good to run on a Teensy3 then look at your lines when running it.
100kHz is very slow.
My LED drivers are FM+ spec components and can be operated at 1MHz even over long 5m lines with the help of a buffer chip. At these line length and frequencies line capacitances are of interest and signal degrading is clearly visible.
But, again, you need to see some form of square wave signal! If the I2C scanner is verified good to run on a Teensy3 then look at your lines when running it.