Teensy 4.1 ADC Channels

N

NJ-Tom

Member
I am working on migrating a project from Teensy 3.6 to 4.1. It has two analog inputs:
  • Audio from an Adafruit Max9814 microphone, to FFT to flash LED's
  • A thermistor input
On the Teensy 3.6, I put them on separate ADC channels so the audio input could have a channel all to itself, and I would like to do the same on the 4.1. But even with reading through the code, I couldn't figure out which channel was used for which analog inputs, or if there was a way to assign an input to a particular channel. From the datasheet and schematic it looked like 24 & 25 go to ADC1 only, 26, 27, 38, 39 go to ADC2 only, and 14-23, 40 & 41, can go to either channel.

Moreover, I noticed in the comments that A10 & A11 (pins 24 & 25) shouldn't be used for audio, and A12 & A13 (pins 26 & 27) shouldn't be used for analogRead, so now I am really worried about choosing the wrong inputs. I'm making a custom PCB, so it would be best to get it right the first time.

Also can the 4.1 take in good enough audio via the ADC, or do I need to move to I2S?

Thanks!
 
On the Teensy 3.6, I put them on separate ADC channels so the audio input could have a channel all to itself, and I would like to do the same on the 4.1. But even with reading through the code, I couldn't figure out which channel was used for which analog inputs, or if there was a way to assign an input to a particular channel. From the datasheet and schematic it looked like 24 & 25 go to ADC1 only, 26, 27, 38, 39 go to ADC2 only, and 14-23, 40 & 41, can go to either channel.
Click to expand...
Maybe this thread will help - Teensy 4.0 which pins for which ADC
 
From the datasheet and schematic it looked like 24 & 25 go to ADC1 only, 26, 27, 38, 39 go to ADC2 only, and 14-23, 40 & 41, can go to either channel.

Moreover, I noticed in the comments that A10 & A11 (pins 24 & 25) shouldn't be used for audio, and A12 & A13 (pins 26 & 27) shouldn't be used for analogRead
Click to expand...

NJ-Tom, would you please point me to the data sheet you got this information from? Thx
 
Neal said:
NJ-Tom, would you please point me to the data sheet you got this information from? Thx
Click to expand...

Hi Neal,

I got the information from multiple sources, many of which are linked from the main Teensy 4.1 page.

And the code in question, at least on my machine, is in C:\Users\(username)\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\teensy\hardware\avr\1.57.1\cores\teensy4\analog.c:

Code: 
int analogRead(uint8_t pin)
{
	if (pin > sizeof(pin_to_channel)) return 0;
	if (calibrating) wait_for_cal();
	uint8_t ch = pin_to_channel[pin];
	if (ch == 255) return 0;
	if(!(ch & 0x80)) {
		ADC1_HC0 = ch;
		while (!(ADC1_HS & ADC_HS_COCO0)) {
			yield();
		}
		return ADC1_R0;
	} else {
		ADC2_HC0 = ch & 0x7f;
		while (!(ADC2_HS & ADC_HS_COCO0)) {
			yield();
		}
		return ADC2_R0;
	}
}

I think I have an understanding of what is going on and what to do, and will be posting another response to this thread with a summary.
 
Code: 
Moreover, I noticed in the comments that A10 & A11 (pins 24 & 25) shouldn't be used for audio, and A12 & A13 (pins 26 & 27) shouldn't be used for analogRead

Sorry, I should have more specific on information source request. Where did you find the comments regarding the limitations of A10 -A13?
 
A summary of what I found, and what I will do -

The processor the Teensy 4.1 uses has 2 ADC converters, each attached to its own analog multiplexer. Some Teensy pins only go to one multiplexer, but many go to both.

Pins 24 & 25 go to ADC1 only, pins 26, 27, 38, 39 go to ADC2 only, and 14-23, 40 & 41, can go to either channel.
Watch out, A10 & A11 (pins 24 & 25) shouldn't be used for audio, and A12 & A13 (pins 26 & 27) shouldn't be used for analogRead, but the rest of the analog inputs can be used at will.

The Teensy code will prefer ADC1 and will use ADC2 only if necessary. There doesn't appear to be an easy way to override this behavior. It would have been nice to be able to use "4" for ADC1, and "4+128" for ADC2, but that is not possible.

But it turns out all this isn't an issue. In the Audio System Design Tool,
"Pin A2 is used by default for audio input."
and more importantly
"A different pin may be used, but adding it as an parameter to the AudioInputAnalog object definition.
For example, to use pin A3:
AudioInputAnalog adc1(A3);"

So it looks like I could use:
AudioInputAnalog adc2(A3)
and keep the relatively fast audio stream on adc2, while leaving adc1 to bounce around servicing slower analog inputs.

It would be nice if someone could confirm this, but even if I'm wrong and the audio and thermistor have to share an ADC, so what if the audio gets a slight glitch a few times a minute? Not a big issue.

Time for me to buy a Teensy 4.1 (or two), but it looks like there's no need to buy an audio shield.
 
Neal said:
Code: 
Moreover, I noticed in the comments that A10 & A11 (pins 24 & 25) shouldn't be used for audio, and A12 & A13 (pins 26 & 27) shouldn't be used for analogRead

Sorry, I should have more specific on information source request. Where did you find the comments regarding the limitations of A10 -A13?
Click to expand...

From C:\Users\(username)\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\teensy\hardware\avr\1.57.1\libraries\Audio\input_adc.cpp:

Code: 
	255,	// 10/A10 AD_B0_12 - only on ADC1, 1 - can't use for audio
	255,	// 11/A11 AD_B0_13 - only on ADC1, 2 - can't use for audio
...
	255,    // 24/A10 AD_B0_12 - only on ADC1, 1 - can't use for audio
	255,    // 25/A11 AD_B0_13 - only on ADC1, 2 - can't use for audio
	3,      // 26/A12 AD_B1_14 - only on ADC2, do not use analogRead()
	4,      // 27/A13 AD_B1_15 - only on ADC2, do not use analogRead()
    #ifdef ARDUINO_TEENSY41
...
	1,      // 38/A14 AD_B1_12 - only on ADC2, do not use analogRead()
	2,      // 39/A15 AD_B1_13 - only on ADC2, do not use analogRead()

I think I am misunderstanding the code. In any case I am going to take the safe way out and avoid using analog inputs or ADC on those pins.

Also in the Audio System Design Tool:
"On Teensy 4, analog pins 24/A10 and 25/A11 are not supported."
 
NJ-TOM,

Did A3 (pin 17) work for you?
Was the Teensy 4.1 able to sample the ADC well enough or did you have to move to I2S?

I'm also migrating from Teensy 3.6 to 4.1 and working through the same audio issues with the MAX9814. Any extra info would be a great help. Hope it worked for you!

Thanks!
 
martinimages said:
NJ-TOM,

Did A3 (pin 17) work for you?
Was the Teensy 4.1 able to sample the ADC well enough or did you have to move to I2S?

I'm also migrating from Teensy 3.6 to 4.1 and working through the same audio issues with the MAX9814. Any extra info would be a great help. Hope it worked for you!

Thanks!
Click to expand...
Hi Martin,

On the Teensy 4.1, I am using A6 / Pin 20 for ADC audio input, to run through an FFT to blink lights in an interesting way. It seems to work fine for that. I still haven't finished my project, but printing FFT results to the serial terminal shows the results I was looking for.

I'm also using MQS audio output; it's more than sufficient for playing simple sound effects.

So by using those two, I no longer need to deal with I2S or the SGTL5000 chip, and everything works.

During the past year, I completely redesigned my project, and a side effect is that now I'm only using one ADC input to the Teensy, for audio. So I don't need to worry about ADC channel switching anymore either.

As for working with the MAX9814 chip, I used Adafruit's MAX9814 board for initial testing, then borrowed the schematic for a custom PCB.

Take care,

- Tom
 
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