Before I start a project, I would like to know what is the maximum storage capacity a Teensy 4.1 can use on a SD card.
Also, can the Teensy read cards formatted with usual Windows partition schemes?
Cards that are 32GB or smaller are formatted with FAT32 and typically have the VFAT support on top of FAT32 (VFAT adds support for names other than the 8+3 uppercase).2TB.
MBR and GPT are supported. I'm pretty sure we only support primary partitions in MBR, and only 1 commonly used GUID in GPT.
For filesystems, FAT, yes. NTFS, not so much.
All SD cards come pre-formatted with FAT (it's actually part of the SD spec to come FAT formatted) and MBR partition table. If you reformat with NTFS, it will not work. Some unusual FAT settings also may not be supported.