Have you tried simply running that library. It uses only the Wire library, so it certainly appears as if it should work.
The only issue I see is this code:
Code:
// Interrupt
pinMode(_ctpInt ,INPUT);
attachInterrupt(0,touch_interrupt,FALLING);
This is almost certainly a bug in the library. It will always use interrupt #0, regardless of which pin you specify. It only works on Arduino Uno because the example uses pin #2, which is interrupt 0 on Uno. If you change to a different pin, even on Arduino Uno, this library will certainly fail.
The simple answer is to use pin 0 on Teensy 3.1 for the GSL1680 interrupt signal.