Your Teensy may indeed be dead. But before we jump to that conclusion, could you at least confirm a couple quick checks?
As a very first step, please disconnect everything from the Teensy, except the USB cable. Remove the logic analyzer too. Even though it should be fine, the point is to eliminate any possible interference. Plenty of "dead" Teensy boards have magically come back to life when seemingly harmless things (like extra capacitors across the power lines) were removed. Please do not make any assumption that anything connected to your Teensy, no matter how unlikely it might seem, isn't affecting it.
If you haven't already done so, please cold reboot your computer, especially if you're using Windows! A complete power off should be done, because many modern computers keep the USB stuff powered up even when the computer is "off".
If you're using Windows, please plug the Teensy into a different USB port. This isn't necessary with Linux or Mac, but Windows stores per-port USB stuff in its registry (a very poor design on Microsoft's part). I know this may sound strange or unnecessary, but believe me, it has made a difference sometimes if Windows got messed up. It's very quick and easy to do.
Obviously you're still using a USB cable that was previously working, so swapping the cable shouldn't be needed. Bad cables, especially ones for phone charging that don't have the data wires, are the most common cause of this sort of problem.
You've already seen the advice about holding the button while plugging the cable in, right? Please be aware Teensy may not appear as any device to your PC while running bad code. But it should always appear as a HID device after pressing the button, especially if you held the button down while plugging in the cable.
If these simple tests fail, let's assume the Teensy is bad. Robin will follow up with you regarding return and replacement.