Baffled - Please help - Quad buffer / line driver tri state circuit issue

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Hi all, I have an electronics teaser for you. I have a circuit comprising of an East Rising 7" display (ER-TFTM070-5), a PJRC Teensy 3.1 micro controller and I am also using the on board SD card slot of the display. The display is based around the RAIO RA8875 TFT driver, an SPI device. This chip has a well known fault whereby it does not tristate the MISO pin so it does not play nicely with other SPI devices on the bus. For this reason if you need to use other SPI devices, as in my case, the SD card, you need to provide the tristate isolation yourself. For this purpose I am using the 74HC125 IC as advised in the previously linked posts. I am using a circuit that fully isolates the RA8875 by using 3 of the 4 channels on the 74HC125. I have not worked on this for some time and decided to build a second version as the first never made it off the bench and I want to build an enclosure and make it portable. The second build, which as best as I can is a duplicate of the first, had an issue which causes a QR code like display corruption that appears on start up and never goes away. After much testing I finally tried to swap the 74HC125 chip from the good board to the bad and low and behold it fixed the issue. Great, I thought, just drop a new chip in and we are there. No. I had already ordered another batch of these chips some time ago from Little Diode. However, I have tried many of the batch and the problem remains. If I move my "good" chip between the boards they work fine but I have tried 5 or 6 of the new batch with no joy so far. I am guessing that something is right on the limit and a slight variation is all it takes to stop it working, a guess at best as I am well out of my depth here. I tried dropping the pull up in the isolation circuit from 10K to approx. 3K by putting a 4K7 in parallel as some reading suggested this could make sense to me but with no joy.

As I have said, if I move the original chip from one board to the other they both work fine. As soon as I replace it with the one of the other chips I have I get the QR code problem back. I have double checked the chips and to be honest the working one looks like a clone if any of them are. I had 2 of the originals and then bought 10 from Little Diode as spares and quite feasibly a useful chip to have to hand.

Can anyone offer any kind of advice on what I can try? I intend to look for a mechanism of testing the chips today. I was thinking of running bread boarding it and putting the 1KHz test tone from my oscilloscope through each channel of the chip in turn as a test. By the way the oscilloscope came out the box yesterday and I am a hobbyist really with some dim and distant training in the past some 25-30 years ago.

If anybody has any advice or pointers of things worth a try I would be very grateful as ever.

Ex.
 
Is one a 74HC125 and the other a 74HCT125?

No, they are all marked identically.

I just found both orders on Ebay and they came from the same seller, Little Diode, one batch of 2 and then 5 more of the same on a separate order, so I have 12 in total, 1 that works it seems. I have not checked them all as Once a couple did not work I started to wonder what was wrong.

They are Phillips branded and are all marked:

74HC125N
BA427 01
UnG0624D

I am not sure how best to test them. I'm trying to have a go at the moment using my new scope but I am not really sure how to go about it.
 
Can you monitor the voltages of the signals output by both the good and bad chips? Also keep an eye out for any distortions or any general differences

Take note of the Max and Min voltages of the signals.

That QRcode error you mention is apparently relating to voltages. Can you check your voltages are correct on the supply lines as well? Preferably at the point they enter the chips/display
 
Can you monitor the voltages of the signals output by both the good and bad chips? Also keep an eye out for any distortions or any general differences

Take note of the Max and Min voltages of the signals.

That QRcode error you mention is apparently relating to voltages. Can you check your voltages are correct on the supply lines as well? Preferably at the point they enter the chips/display

It is very hard to access test points when everything is assembled so I want to try and test the chips independently. I am trying to figure out how I can check them currently and any guidance anyone has to offer would be gratefully received as I am struggling at present and reading the data sheets to try and create a test spec.

The one thing I keep coming back to is that both boards work fine with the "good" chip. To me this proves the circuit board and power supply regulation and decoupling, otherwise why does it work reliably with that chip? However, in the light of having no other ideas I have tried to add some extra decoupling capacitors as close as possible to the display power rails and I have also examined the screen for obvious dry joints or similar. I actually re-soldered the voltage regulator to absolutely confirm no dry joint.

I also have options to power the circuit either purely from USB, which is very close to the limit if not using a high power USB socket, or independently. To do this I have cut the Teensy link between VIn and VUSB and have those pins wired out to a jumper. Whilst writing this I have the newest circuit powered purely from USB with the jumper in place and all is working fine. I have also tried to power it using external power with the bad chips and this does not make any difference.

This is very frustrating. Could I possibly have such a large quantity of bad chips?

I still think the way forward is to build a reliable test rig so I can test each chip independently but, as I said, I am not sure exactly how to go about this as yet.
 
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These parts are so inexpensive, well under $1, that I'd just buy some more. If it's just 1 batch of bad chips, toss 'em. Life's too short to throw so much troubleshooting time into 10 cheap defective chips.

You can replace all 10 from Digikey for $3.60, plus shipping.

http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/texas-instruments/SN74HC125N/296-1572-5-ND

A good point well put Paul, thanks for your time. I guess I was just thinking it must be me not the chips and that I was unlikely to have a so many bad chips. I will order some more up to prove the point because, as you say, this is the easiest test rig I can build :0)
 
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