Amplitude Modulation with offset

[Koerby]

I am really scatching my head, but I don't have an Idea how to add an offset to an Audio modulation.
The goal ist to have an WaveForm object with an amplitude of e.g 0.7 which is modulated +/- 0.1. by an very slow LFO.
I assume it is pretty simple, but I don't know how. In german i would say "ich steh auf dem Schlauch"

Cheers
Marcus

[thedreiskre]

I would have the waveform object have an amplitude of 1. Have the lfo have an amplitude of 0.1 and an offset of 0.7. Use the multiply object (in the effects section) to multiply the 2 together. https://imgur.com/a/PPDJKv3
Ich hoffe das hilft dir

[Koerby]

This works very well
der knoten ist geplatzt

[PaulStoffregen]

You can also use the DC object to create a constant signal and then feed it and a normal waveform into a mixer to add them together. So if the waveform is a low frequency sine wave with amplitude of 0.1, meaning it oscillates between -0.1 to +0.1, and the create a DC signal with level 0.7 and feed them into the same mixer (with inputs having gain of 1.0), the resulting output will be the sum of the signals. It will be a sine wave riding on top of DC, so it will oscillate from 0.6 to 0.8.

Of course the normal waveform has an offset() function, so you can get the DC offset directly without the DC object and mixer. But not everything has an offset() function built in. If you need to add an offset to some signal that doesn't already have that capability, you can use the DC and mixer to do it.

To actually amplitude modulate a live signal, of course you need the multiply effect.

[vincentiuș]

Hey, i was playing with offset and i wonder if it's possible to change the poles other way around, when going positive, the positive poles to remain an the negative to fade to dc and vice-versa, i guess here is the part for waveformMod:

if (tone_offset) {
		bp = block->data;
		end = bp + AUDIO_BLOCK_SAMPLES;
		do {
			val1 = *bp;
			*bp++ = signed_saturate_rshift(val1 + tone_offset, 16, 0);
		} while (bp < end);
	}
	if (shapedata) release(shapedata);
	transmit(block, 0);
	release(block);

any tips?

[vincentiuș]

anyone?

[MarkT]

Not sure what you are asking.

[PaulStoffregen]

I do not understand your question. In particular, these words seem rather confusing.

if it's possible to change the poles other way around, when going positive, the positive poles to remain an the negative to fade to dc and vice-versa

The original question of this thread asked about amplitude modulation. Is that what you're trying to accomplish?

anyone?

What do you expect? Your question is confusing, you haven't given much context about what you're really trying to do, and you showed a small code fragment rather than complete code so anyone can reproduce the problem.

Look, I want to help you. That's why I'm taking the time to write this message. But you need to understand the reason nobody replies is because you've not asked a clear question, nor have you followed the Forum Rule to show a complete program so people can see & reproduce the problem. We solve a lot of problems on this forum using blind guesswork when we can understand the need, and we fix a lot of tech errors without knowing much of the larger picture... but when neither of those are possible, usually nobody replies.

[vincentiuș]

this is the normal library offset 1.00 on a sinewave with PT8211 Dac through an opamp bipolar 10 VPP



and i am trying to switch the offset wave for the same 1.00 value, to be:

[vincentiuș]

Look, I want to help you. That's why I'm taking the time to write this message. But you need to understand the reason nobody replies is because you've not asked a clear question, nor have you followed the Forum Rule to show a complete program so people can see & reproduce the problem. We solve a lot of problems on this forum using blind guesswork when we can understand the need, and we fix a lot of tech errors without knowing much of the larger picture... but when neither of those are possible, usually nobody replies.

Thanks Paul, of course the code is from the library it self and it's good for a lot of purposes, something was described here about offset, this is why i was thinking it's a good place to start.
I am following the code but i can't figure it how to switch this as described in the pics above

if (tone_offset) {
		bp = block->data;
		end = bp + AUDIO_BLOCK_SAMPLES;
		do {
			val1 = *bp;
			*bp++ = signed_saturate_rshift(val1 + tone_offset, 16, 0);
		} while (bp < end);
	}
	if (shapedata) release(shapedata);
	transmit(block, 0);
	release(block);

[PaulStoffregen]

Before answering, can I talk you into posting the complete code which created that top waveform in msg #9?

That code will give us a starting point for helping you, and save a lot of time for everyone.

[vincentiuș]

Before answering, can I talk you into posting the complete code which created that top waveform in msg #9?

That code will give us a starting point for helping you, and save a lot of time for everyone.

Sure!

Here is it, the output it's made for the internal DAC

#include <Audio.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Encoder.h>

// GUItool: begin automatically generated code
AudioSynthWaveform       waveform1;      //xy=110,75
AudioOutputAnalog        dac1;
AudioConnection          patchCord3(waveform1, dac1);
// GUItool: end automatically generated code
Encoder modA(2, 3);

void setup() {
  AudioMemory(16);
  waveform1.begin(WAVEFORM_SINE);
  waveform1.frequency(110);
  waveform1.amplitude(1.00);
}

void loop() {
int16_t fLfo1 = modA.read(); 
if(fLfo1 <= -100) { 
modA.write(-100); // constrain the encoder object
}
else if(fLfo1 >= 100){
modA.write(100); 
}
float Offset = fLfo1*0.01;
waveform1.offset(Offset);
}

[boxxofrobots]

Part of what is being asked for seems to be a single wave rectifier. Maybe adding a variable to AudioEffectRectifier.half() or AudioEffectRectifier.full()

[vincentiuș]

Yes, in principle half rectifier.. but this will work as the offset function, controlled or small amounts?

[boxxofrobots]

koerby, I think Dave from Notes-n-Volts might help you.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zphkBTkOIyQ

[PaulStoffregen]

I'm running your code from msg #12. It seems to work fine, producing either of those waveforms when the offset is +1.0 or -1.0.

But I *still* do not understand what you want to make this program do. Can you explain clearly what you want it to do that it is not yet doing?

[PaulStoffregen]

As a quick guess, maybe your intention was for a LFO to take the place of that encoder?

You could accomplish that by just feeding the LFO and original signal into a mixer. The mixer just adds together the signals.




Here's is the code (very simple...)

#include <Audio.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <SD.h>
#include <SerialFlash.h>

// GUItool: begin automatically generated code
AudioSynthWaveform       waveform2;      //xy=198,202
AudioSynthWaveform       waveform1;      //xy=203,130
AudioMixer4              mixer1;         //xy=387,155
AudioOutputAnalog        dac1;           //xy=555,127
AudioConnection          patchCord1(waveform2, 0, mixer1, 1);
AudioConnection          patchCord2(waveform1, 0, mixer1, 0);
AudioConnection          patchCord3(mixer1, dac1);
// GUItool: end automatically generated code

void setup() {
  AudioMemory(16);
  waveform1.begin(WAVEFORM_SINE);
  waveform1.frequency(110);
  waveform1.amplitude(1.00);
  waveform2.frequency(0.1);
  waveform2.amplitude(1.00);
}

void loop() {
}

And this is the result on my oscilloscope. It's the same as if someone slowly turned the encoder.

[vincentiuș]

I'm running your code from msg #12. It seems to work fine, producing either of those waveforms when the offset is +1.0 or -1.0.

But I *still* do not understand what you want to make this program do. Can you explain clearly what you want it to do that it is not yet doing?

Ok, let's see it bipolar, presuming -5V 0 +5V peak to peak for the sinewave then.

Maybe half rectifier is the right term here.. I was think for an inverted offset function in my mind )

i just want to control the amount of the offset as on the code on msg# 12 but when going for from 0.00 to 1.00 the positive (+5v) part to stay untouched (like it's half rectified) and the negative part (-5V) to shrink to 0 as the amount is given by the encoder (pic)

0.00 for full bipolar waveform and going to 1.00 only +5v part of the waveform:



AND the same behaviour for the -1.00 amount (-5v) waveform part to stay untouched and positive +5v part to shrink to 0

My purpose is to modulate external gear FM, CV, Envelopes and i am thinking it's more usefull if we invert the function offset, but as i mentioned above, half rectified is the right term here, so this is why checked in the library code offset function in the first place

[PaulStoffregen]

i just want to control the amount of the offset as on the code on msg# 12 but when going for from 0.00 to 1.00 the positive (+5v) part to stay untouched (like it's half rectified) and the negative part (-5V) to shrink to 0 as the amount is given by the encoder (pic)

You can use the waveshape effect to get the half wave rectified behavior. Create 2 of them, one for the positive half of the waveform and another for the negative half.

Then add the 2 halves back together with a mixer, where you can control the gain on each channel. To get "from 0.00 to 1.00 the positive (+5v) part to stay untouched" set the gain to 1.0. For the encoder to control the amount of the negative part "the negative part (-5V) to shrink to 0 as the amount is given by the encoder (pic)", just write some code for the encoder to adjust the gain of the other mixer input.



Here is very simple code which sets the negative half gain to 0.33.

#include <Audio.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <SD.h>
#include <SerialFlash.h>

// GUItool: begin automatically generated code
AudioSynthWaveform       waveform1;      //xy=167,118
AudioEffectWaveshaper    waveshape1;     //xy=389,77
AudioEffectWaveshaper    waveshape2;     //xy=396,160
AudioMixer4              mixer1;         //xy=628,112
AudioOutputAnalog        dac1;           //xy=833,121
AudioConnection          patchCord1(waveform1, waveshape1);
AudioConnection          patchCord2(waveform1, waveshape2);
AudioConnection          patchCord3(waveshape1, 0, mixer1, 0);
AudioConnection          patchCord4(waveshape2, 0, mixer1, 1);
AudioConnection          patchCord5(mixer1, dac1);
// GUItool: end automatically generated code

float positiveOnly[3] = {0.0, 0.0, 1.0};
float negativeOnly[3] = {-1.0, 0.0, 0.0};

void setup() {
  AudioMemory(16);
  waveform1.begin(WAVEFORM_SINE);
  waveform1.frequency(110);
  waveform1.amplitude(1.00);
  waveshape1.shape(positiveOnly, 3);
  waveshape2.shape(negativeOnly, 3);
  mixer1.gain(0, 1.0);
  mixer1.gain(1, 0.33);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Here is the resulting waveform. You can see the positive half is unaltered, but the negative half is reduced in amplitude. Hopefully that is what you wanted?

[boxxofrobots]

That's an awful lot of memory to dedicate to a halfwave rectifier.

[vincentiuș]

Here is the resulting waveform. You can see the positive half is unaltered, but the negative half is reduced in amplitude. Hopefully that is what you wanted?

I did played with the code and it's nice to experiment by giving values from the encoder to the mixer gain.
But i think more simple is to invert the offset poles in sort to speak, maybe Halfwave effect function will do the trick anyway

[vincentiuș]

Experimenting.. I did change the + sign from the library with a -

*bp++ = signed_saturate_rshift(val1 + tone_offset, 16, 0);

and the thing is happening but i need to keep the half wave up for 1.00 and the lower part down for -1.00 seen as bipolar

if (tone_offset) {
		bp = block->data;
		end = bp + AUDIO_BLOCK_SAMPLES;
		do {
			val1 = *bp;
			*bp++ = signed_saturate_rshift(val1 - tone_offset, 16, 0);
		} while (bp < end);
	}
	if (shapedata) release(shapedata);
	transmit(block, 0);
	release(block);