At least the port info shows the restore process did work. That process wipes the memory and writes a known-good LED blink program which communicates as RawHID using vic 16c0 pid 0486. Seeing it appear properly in the ports menu also means your USB cable is good and USB is working.
Why you can't upload, I do not know. But all signs so far look like hardware is good. Very likely something is going wrong software-wise on your PC.
Some questions (since I can't see your screen)...
After Verify or Upload, the small Teensy Loader window is supposed to appear. Do you see it?
If you click Help > About in the Teensy Loader window, what version number does the About info show? (1.56 is the latest, and 1.53 is the oldest which works well with Teensy 4.1... if you have older than 1.53 you need to install newer software, since Teensy 4.1 was released in April 2021)
If you press the button on your Teensy, while keeping your eye on that window, does it respond in any way?
When you click Upload in Arduino, after compiling, Arduino is supposed to take control of the Teensy Loader window. The "press button..." message should change to "Arduino is attempting...", and the filename shown on the bottom status bar is supposed to update to whatever your program's name is. In rare cases, the localhost networking which allows these programs to communicate (only on the same PC) gets messed up. Not seeing "Arduino is attempting..." or the filename update are the sign localhost communication isn't working.
Also hidden in that Help menu is "Verbose Info" which gives a *lot* of detail about everything the software is doing. It's Log menu lets you save to a file, which you can share here. If using "Quick Reply" on this forum, click "Go Advanced" to get the full editor which lets you attach a file.