Hi all
I have a 1.8" ST7735 TFT screen, all working fine.
I would like to load BMP images onto it, but the only example I could find is the following one:
https://simple-circuit.com/draw-bmp-images-arduino-sd-card-st7735/
My code has the correct pins for a 4.1 declared, below is the original code from the online example (which compiles the same errors). The Screen works fine, this is some kind of Arduino to Teensy issue - I think
Using a Teensy 4.1 and I get all the following errors which I don't really understand:
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino: In function 'void bmpDraw(char*, uint8_t, uint16_t)':
C:\Users\steve.croot\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Train scenario\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:249:12: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((x >= tft.width()) || (y >= tft.height())) return;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:257:40: warning: converting to non-pointer type 'int' from NULL [-Wconversion-null]
if ((bmpFile = SD.open(filename)) == NULL) {
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:296:23: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((x+w-1) >= tft.width()) w = tft.width() - x;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:297:23: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((y+h-1) >= tft.height()) h = tft.height() - y;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:300:9: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
tft.startWrite();
^
What do I need to add/change?
Thank you
I have a 1.8" ST7735 TFT screen, all working fine.
I would like to load BMP images onto it, but the only example I could find is the following one:
https://simple-circuit.com/draw-bmp-images-arduino-sd-card-st7735/
My code has the correct pins for a 4.1 declared, below is the original code from the online example (which compiles the same errors). The Screen works fine, this is some kind of Arduino to Teensy issue - I think
Code:
/*
* Draw Bitmap images on ST7735 TFT display using Arduino.
* The Arduino loads BMP format images from SD card and display
* them on the ST7735 TFT.
* Reference: Adafruit spitftbitmap.ino example.
* This is a free software with NO WARRANTY.
* https://simple-circuit.com/
*/
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> // include Adafruit graphics library
#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> // include Adafruit ST7735 display library
#include <SPI.h> // include Arduino SPI library
#include <SD.h> // include Arduino SD library
// define ST7735 TFT display connections
#define TFT_RST 5 // reset line (optional, pass -1 if not used)
#define TFT_CS 6 // chip select line
#define TFT_DC 7 // data/command line
#define button 2 // button pin
// initialize Adafruit ST7735 TFT library
Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_RST);
void setup(void) {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(TFT_CS, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(TFT_CS, HIGH);
pinMode(button, INPUT_PULLUP);
// initialize ST7735S TFT display
tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB);
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLUE);
Serial.print("Initializing SD card...");
if (!SD.begin()) {
Serial.println("failed!");
while(1); // stay here
}
Serial.println("OK!");
File root = SD.open("/"); // open SD card main root
printDirectory(root, 0); // print all files names and sizes
root.close(); // close the opened root
}
void loop() {
File root = SD.open("/"); // open SD card main root
while (true) {
File entry = root.openNextFile(); // open file
if (! entry) {
// no more files
root.close();
return;
}
uint8_t nameSize = String(entry.name()).length(); // get file name size
String str1 = String(entry.name()).substring( nameSize - 4 ); // save the last 4 characters (file extension)
if ( str1.equalsIgnoreCase(".bmp") ) // if the file has '.bmp' extension
bmpDraw(entry.name(), 0, 0); // draw it
entry.close(); // close the file
delay(500);
while( digitalRead(button) ) ; // wait for button press
}
}
// This function opens a Windows Bitmap (BMP) file and
// displays it at the given coordinates. It's sped up
// by reading many pixels worth of data at a time
// (rather than pixel by pixel). Increasing the buffer
// size takes more of the Arduino's precious RAM but
// makes loading a little faster. 20 pixels seems a
// good balance.
#define BUFFPIXEL 20
void bmpDraw(char *filename, uint8_t x, uint16_t y) {
File bmpFile;
int bmpWidth, bmpHeight; // W+H in pixels
uint8_t bmpDepth; // Bit depth (currently must be 24)
uint32_t bmpImageoffset; // Start of image data in file
uint32_t rowSize; // Not always = bmpWidth; may have padding
uint8_t sdbuffer[3*BUFFPIXEL]; // pixel buffer (R+G+B per pixel)
uint8_t buffidx = sizeof(sdbuffer); // Current position in sdbuffer
boolean goodBmp = false; // Set to true on valid header parse
boolean flip = true; // BMP is stored bottom-to-top
int w, h, row, col;
uint8_t r, g, b;
uint32_t pos = 0, startTime = millis();
if((x >= tft.width()) || (y >= tft.height())) return;
Serial.println();
Serial.print(F("Loading image '"));
Serial.print(filename);
Serial.println('\'');
// Open requested file on SD card
if ((bmpFile = SD.open(filename)) == NULL) {
Serial.print(F("File not found"));
return;
}
// Parse BMP header
if(read16(bmpFile) == 0x4D42) { // BMP signature
Serial.print(F("File size: ")); Serial.println(read32(bmpFile));
(void)read32(bmpFile); // Read & ignore creator bytes
bmpImageoffset = read32(bmpFile); // Start of image data
Serial.print(F("Image Offset: ")); Serial.println(bmpImageoffset, DEC);
// Read DIB header
Serial.print(F("Header size: ")); Serial.println(read32(bmpFile));
bmpWidth = read32(bmpFile);
bmpHeight = read32(bmpFile);
if(read16(bmpFile) == 1) { // # planes -- must be '1'
bmpDepth = read16(bmpFile); // bits per pixel
Serial.print(F("Bit Depth: ")); Serial.println(bmpDepth);
if((bmpDepth == 24) && (read32(bmpFile) == 0)) { // 0 = uncompressed
goodBmp = true; // Supported BMP format -- proceed!
Serial.print(F("Image size: "));
Serial.print(bmpWidth);
Serial.print('x');
Serial.println(bmpHeight);
// BMP rows are padded (if needed) to 4-byte boundary
rowSize = (bmpWidth * 3 + 3) & ~3;
// If bmpHeight is negative, image is in top-down order.
// This is not canon but has been observed in the wild.
if(bmpHeight < 0) {
bmpHeight = -bmpHeight;
flip = false;
}
// Crop area to be loaded
w = bmpWidth;
h = bmpHeight;
if((x+w-1) >= tft.width()) w = tft.width() - x;
if((y+h-1) >= tft.height()) h = tft.height() - y;
// Set TFT address window to clipped image bounds
tft.startWrite();
tft.setAddrWindow(x, y, w, h);
for (row=0; row<h; row++) { // For each scanline...
// Seek to start of scan line. It might seem labor-
// intensive to be doing this on every line, but this
// method covers a lot of gritty details like cropping
// and scanline padding. Also, the seek only takes
// place if the file position actually needs to change
// (avoids a lot of cluster math in SD library).
if(flip) // Bitmap is stored bottom-to-top order (normal BMP)
pos = bmpImageoffset + (bmpHeight - 1 - row) * rowSize;
else // Bitmap is stored top-to-bottom
pos = bmpImageoffset + row * rowSize;
if(bmpFile.position() != pos) { // Need seek?
tft.endWrite();
bmpFile.seek(pos);
buffidx = sizeof(sdbuffer); // Force buffer reload
}
for (col=0; col<w; col++) { // For each pixel...
// Time to read more pixel data?
if (buffidx >= sizeof(sdbuffer)) { // Indeed
bmpFile.read(sdbuffer, sizeof(sdbuffer));
buffidx = 0; // Set index to beginning
tft.startWrite();
}
// Convert pixel from BMP to TFT format, push to display
b = sdbuffer[buffidx++];
g = sdbuffer[buffidx++];
r = sdbuffer[buffidx++];
tft.pushColor(tft.color565(r,g,b));
} // end pixel
} // end scanline
tft.endWrite();
Serial.print(F("Loaded in "));
Serial.print(millis() - startTime);
Serial.println(" ms");
} // end goodBmp
}
}
bmpFile.close();
if(!goodBmp) Serial.println(F("BMP format not recognized."));
}
// These read 16- and 32-bit types from the SD card file.
// BMP data is stored little-endian, Arduino is little-endian too.
// May need to reverse subscript order if porting elsewhere.
uint16_t read16(File f) {
uint16_t result;
((uint8_t *)&result)[0] = f.read(); // LSB
((uint8_t *)&result)[1] = f.read(); // MSB
return result;
}
uint32_t read32(File f) {
uint32_t result;
((uint8_t *)&result)[0] = f.read(); // LSB
((uint8_t *)&result)[1] = f.read();
((uint8_t *)&result)[2] = f.read();
((uint8_t *)&result)[3] = f.read(); // MSB
return result;
}
void printDirectory(File dir, int numTabs) {
while (true) {
File entry = dir.openNextFile();
if (! entry) {
// no more files
break;
}
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTabs; i++) {
Serial.print('\t');
}
Serial.print(entry.name());
if (entry.isDirectory()) {
Serial.println("/");
printDirectory(entry, numTabs + 1);
} else {
// files have sizes, directories do not
Serial.print("\t\t");
Serial.println(entry.size(), DEC);
}
entry.close();
}
}
// end of code.
Using a Teensy 4.1 and I get all the following errors which I don't really understand:
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino: In function 'void bmpDraw(char*, uint8_t, uint16_t)':
C:\Users\steve.croot\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Train scenario\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:249:12: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((x >= tft.width()) || (y >= tft.height())) return;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:257:40: warning: converting to non-pointer type 'int' from NULL [-Wconversion-null]
if ((bmpFile = SD.open(filename)) == NULL) {
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:296:23: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((x+w-1) >= tft.width()) w = tft.width() - x;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:297:23: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
if((y+h-1) >= tft.height()) h = tft.height() - y;
^
C:\Users\steve\Documents\Steve - Arduino coding\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen\Trainline_SFX_v5_-_New_screen.ino:300:9: error: 'tft' was not declared in this scope
tft.startWrite();
^
What do I need to add/change?
Thank you