I haven't had problems with the higher data speeds of the APA102 or SK6812 LEDs. My Infinity Mirror Clock has a string of 120 APA102 LEDs, updated 120 times a second. My Ring Clock has a strand of 276 APA102 LEDs and a second strand of 222...
You could try using analogWriteFrequency() to adjust timings. See td_pulse for details. For your example of using pins 1 through 6, pins 2 and 3 share a timer on Teensy 4, so using analogWriteFrequence() on pin 2 will also affect pin 3.