By default, it downloads the indexes each time you start the IDE where the delta time is > timeout from the last download.
It does not take 5 minutes to download the Teensy, it simply does not update the message from downloading the last index to when it is processing all of the indexes.
2.3.3 has issue on sort of hanging downloads if the Serial monitor is open. It is fixed in the current nightly builds, which my gut tells me, there about to release 2.3.4 but just guessing, due to the current number of things pulled in.